Transformational Understandings
Spreadsheets: Linear--> Matrix (2-D) thinking, order of ops, built in calculations and formula construction, elements of programming
Database: Linear-->Matrix (2-D)-->Linked (3-D)-->Networked (n-D)
Procedural programming: Linguistic--> formal languages (translation of patterns), linear ordering of commands--> composition (2-D dynamics of looping and branching)