Counterculture Timeline: The Early Sixties: British Rock and The Free Speech Movement 1964-1965 AWAKENING: Consciousness Revolution 1964-1984 -- "1964: First major number of baby boomers born 1946 turn 18" [Gitlin] -- |
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| EVENTS | ARTS | |||
| 1964 | California
surpasses New York as most populous US state Mods in UK [Goodman: Lennon page 167] |
Last
year of the Baby Boom 1964 MUSIC / CINEMA / PUBLISHING Walk On Boy, We'll Sing in the Sunshine, Baby Love, The Dixie Cups: Chapel of Love, Shangri-Las: Leader of the Pack, Kingsmen: Louie Louie, Roy Orbison: Pretty Woman Roger Miller: King of the Road, A Spoonful of Sugar, Dang Me, Chug-A-Lug Jan & Dean: Ride the Wild Surf & Little Old Lady from Pasadena Beach Boys: Deuce Coupe & California Girls & I Get Around Do Wah Diddy Diddy She's Not There Last Kiss BEATLES: (US hits & US tour) Can't Buy Me Love, I Saw Her Standing There, Wanna Hold Your Hand, Love Me Do *from UK: Pacemakers, Herman's Hermits, Chad Stuart & Jeremy Clyde, Petula Clark (first hit: Downtown), The Kinks, Manfred Mann, The Hollies, Dave Clark Five: I Like It Like That) *The Rolling Stones (i.e. Time is on My Side) & 12 x 5? The Animals: House of the Rising Sun (were they UK?) Fred Neil first album Phil Ochs first album (with: There But For Fortune?? ) *Dylan: The Times They are a Changin' *Another Side of Bob Dylan (Blowin' In The Wind - hits the tops of the charts) *Simon & Garfunkel: "Sounds of Silence" [album: Wednesday Morning 3 a.m., released Oct 1964] [was it out earlier as a single?] [see: Kitty Genovese] TV: Gomer Pyle, Gilligan's Island, The Man from U.N.C.L.E. (Fail-Safe, Goldfinger, My Fair Lady) Beatles: A Hard Day's Night (movie) (opens London July 6) Zorba the Greek (the movie) It's A Mad Mad Mad Mad World (people are basically mad, so there's no hope for the world) Woman in the Dunes La Jette: Chris Marker (Fr) Herbert Marcuse: One Dimensional Man Marshall McLuhan: Understanding Media Carl Jung: Man and His Symbols I Never Promised You a Rose Garden: Hannah Green Eric Berne: Games People Play (start of transactional analysis) David Halberstam: The Making of a Quagmire Jean-Paul Sartre refuses the Nobel Prize for literature in 1964 for fear it would turn him into an institution. pop art, op art + Situationists have art show (London) but poorly-attended Rudi Gernreich premieres topless bathing suit, southern California textured stockings ??African Genesis |
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| early | Kesey moves
to La Honda, Merry Pranksters form |
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| Jan | LBJ state-of-the-union:
declares war on poverty while cutting budget and uranium production |
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| Jan 11 | Surgeon General's
cigarette warning |
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| Jan | Bob Dylan:
The Times They Are A-Changin' Beatles: *I Want to Hold Your Hand -> #1 US |
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| Jan 23 | 24th Amendment
to the US constitution eliminates polling taxes |
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| Jan 30 | New military
junta takes over in South Vietnam |
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| Feb |
February 7:
Beatles arrive in US February 9: first appearance on the Ed Sullivan TV Show February 11: Beatles: first live concert appearance in the US at the Coliseum in Washington, DC., drawing an audience of 20,000 fans. February 12: two concert performances at Carnegie Hall in New York City. February 16: second appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show February 22: return to England. |
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| Feb |
(Dylan visits southern US &
writes Chimes of Freedom) |
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| Feb 25 | Muhammed?
Ali (Cassius Clay) beats Sonny Liston (& Clay announces he is a Muslim) Look magazine: first published hologram included ("parallax panoramagram - the first three-dimensional ever reproduced in mass quantities") |
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| Mar 6 | Protest against
Sheraton Palace Hotel's discrimination in hiring (San Francisco) |
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| Beatles: Can't
Buy Me Love, And I Love Her and filming A Hard Day's Night |
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| March | After RFK
investigation, Hoffa indicted on jury-tampering charges in 1962 mistrial
for misuse of union pension funds Malcolm X, silenced by Elijah Muhammed's Muslims, visits Africa |
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| Mar 21 | Leary starts
first week of solitary LSD |
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| spring | Newsweek on
Millbrook - get? |
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| Apr | Kitty Genovese,
age?, coming home from a night job in the early a.m., stabbed repeatedly
and over an extended period of time, while 38 residents of Kew Gardens,
a "respectable" New York neighborhood, heard and witnessed but
did not call police. |
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| Apr 23 | Beatles at
the Hollywood Bowl, Los Angeles |
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| Apr 24 | Crosses burned
in 64 of Mississippi's 82 counties to prepare for Freedom Summer |
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| May | Very first
"Faire Free Press" at first? KPFK Renaissance Faire (later became
the LA Free Press) Dylan's first visit to England, meets Beatles, Rolling Stones, Eric Burden of Animals (who is doing first "folk-rock" piece House of Rising Sun); turns Beatles on to mj "Hell No We Won't Go" already publicized |
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| May 30 | Carolyn Hester
on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post, story on the folk music boom |
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| June | The oldest
baby boomers (born 1946) reach 18, graduate high school June Lenny Bruce goes on trial in New York City |
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| June 19 | Carol Doda
dances in a Rudi Gernreich topless bathing suit in The Condor nightclub,
North Beach 200 college students leave Oxford, Ohio to join 1,000 total civil rights volunteers as part of Civil Rights "Freedom Summer" to register Negro voters (80,000 Mississippi negros join MFDP) |
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| June 21 | Three civil
rights activists (James Chaney (21), Andrew Goodman (20), Michael Schwerner
(24)) killed on arrival in Mississippi by the Klu Klux Klan |
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| June | Six Negro
churches burned in Mississippi (21 more by September); 30 Negroes murdered
January to August |
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| June 22 | Henry Miller's
Tropic of Cancer, still being smuggled into U.S. from Paris, finally ruled
legal for distribution in U.S. |
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| summer |
SDS ERAP: 125 members organizing
the poor in the slums of nine cities Millbrook House LSD sessions
[when? Realist piece by Robert Anton Wilson - get?] |
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| July 2 | LBJ signs
Civil Rights Act: public facilities opened to all |
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| July | Kesey &
Merry Pranksters' first Magic Bus trip (to New York) Newport Folk Festival - Dylan performs all love songs Beatles: Hard Day's Night released UK |
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| July 18 | Harlem
Negro uprising |
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| July 20 | Brooklyn Negro
uprising |
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| July 22 | Rochester
Negro uprising |
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| July 25-26 |
Sun House
first reappearance (Newport Folk Festival) |
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| Aug 2-4 1964 |
New Jersey Negro uprising |
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| Aug 7 | Congress passes
Gulf of Tonkin resolution: declaration of war on
North Vietnam; Seventh fleet sent to Vietnam / (only Sen Ernest
Gruening of Alaska & Wayne Morse of Oregon dissent) (19 years after
bombing of Hiroshima, Nagasaki) |
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| Aug | Beatles: *Hard
Day's Night released in US; August 19 - September 20: Beatles first U.S. tour (25 North American. cities in 32 days - 10,000-20,000 girls per show) Ken Kesey & his Merry Pranksters visit? Leary & Alpert at Millbrook Dylan: Another Side of Bob Dylan (all love songs) |
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| Aug 11-14 |
New Jersey Negro uprising | |||
| Aug 16-17 |
Chicago Negro uprising | |||
| Aug 20 | LBJ signs
into law the Economic Opportunity Act: War on Poverty Bill - creates community
action agencies Job Corps and VISTA and HeadStart (as outlined in his January
speech) (is this "The Great Society" program? = education bill; tax law; civil rights act; economic opportunity act "War on Poverty") |
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| Aug 23 | Beatles Hollywood
Bowl concert, Los Angeles |
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| Aug 24-27 |
Democratic
convention refuses to seat more than two representatives from the Mississippi
Freedom Democratic Party [DS p. 212] [Gitlin] |
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| Aug 25 | Last episode
of Hootenanny television show - College of William and Mary, Williamsburg
VA #2 The Brothers Four – "Darlin' Sportin' Jenny," "Seven Daffodils," "Twenty-Five Minutes to Go" Trini Lopez – "Kansas City," "Jailer, Bring Me Water" and "If You Want To Be Happy" Bob Gibson: "Bimini," "Andalusian Dance" Marilyn Child (actress-singer): "Tell Old Bill" Bob Gibson and Marilyn Child: "Sinner Man" The Gateway Trio: Unknown Jackie Vernon: Stand-up comedy routine |
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| Aug 28 | Bob Dylan
turns the Beatles on to mj in the Delmonico Hotel, New York City |
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| Aug 28-30 |
Philadelphia
Negro uprising |
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| Sept 3 | Wilderness
Act becomes law (by 1988 adds 80 million acres to the 11 million acres
currently in the wilderness system) |
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| fall [H S Jr xx] |
Ralph Metzner,
Harvard alumni of Leary's group, goes to India, contacts & studies with
Lama Govinda (?The Way of the White Clouds) |
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-- The oldest baby boomers (born 1946) enter college ("Freshmen enrollments up 17%" / "1,225,000 freshmen, 20% more than fall 1963" [Look]-- |
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| Sept 1964 |
Selective Service calls up
27,500, more than in any month since 1953 Mario Savio
(22) is attending UC Berkeley, having been drawn there after reading David
Horowitz's book "Student", which detailed the activities of
the left-progressive ASUC party SLATE; he had spent the summer of 1964
registering voters in Mississippi |
Free
Speech Movement: George Leonard - page 150 [Gitlin page 169]: In late 1964, Mary King and Casey Hayden of SNCC wrote anonymous xxx protesting that women automatically consigned to menial office tasks. Carmichael: The position of women in SNCC is prone. |
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| Sept 14 | UC
Berkeley: Clark Kerr bans all politicking outside UC Berkeley's main gate |
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| Sept 22 | (second
day of classes) picket line in front of UC Berkeley administration building
of conservatives to liberals, continues through September |
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| Sept 23 | Picketers
march to President Clark Kerr's house where Board of Regents is meeting |
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| Sept 27 | Warren Commission
Report on JFK assasination released; says Oswald's was the only bullet |
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| Sept 28 | Chancellor
of UC Berkeley gives okay to have tables up in designated areas but only
to distribute literature and advocate voting, not to advocate any political
activity |
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| Sept 30 | Mid-day:
8 people at SNCC and other tables told to report for suspension at 3 pm. At 3 pm, hundreds of people join those told to report in march to Sproul Hall; sit-in overnight |
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| Oct 1 | Thurs:
Birth of the Free Speech Movement at UC Berkeley: math graduate student Jack Weinberg, who had been sitting at the CORE information table in Sproul Plaza, is arrested for not removing himself and refusing to show his registration card on demand [trespassing]; police car holding arrested Jack Weinberg is surrounded by 3000 demonstrating students for 32 hours; Mario Savio (22, philosophy student) speaks; administrators are blocked from going home, but Mario Savio and others negotiate thru ad hoc faculty committee because administration refuses to talk to demonstrators directly |
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| Oct 2 | Fri:
Newspaper says there was a riot at the University in which cops were beaten Sit-in continues with speakers standing atop surrounded police car; administrations agrees to drop the charges against Jack Weinberg, limit suspensions of the 8 students; and setting up a faculty-student group to consider the issue, including deeding the Bancroft-Telegraph area to the city or to the ASUC as a free speech area. Weinberg: "Don't trust anyone over thirty." |
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| Oct | In
the following weeks, the Free Speech Movement is formed, with an executive
committee made up of representatives of all 20 affected groups (right and left). |
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| Oct 8 | Thurs:
UC Berkeley: unaffiliated undergraduates (most of those who had been at
the sit-in) vote for delegates to the FSM executive committee |
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| Oct 9 | Fri:
UC Berkeley: unaffiliated graduates vote for delegates Life magazine: A Minstrel with a Mission - Pete Seeger |
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| Oct 14 | Khrushchev
deposed in U.S.S.R. -> Brezhnev |
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| Oct 16 | China tests
first atomic bomb, becoming fifth nuclear power |
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| Oct 26 | Rolling Stones
on Ed Sullivan |
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| Nov | Johnson
defeats Goldwater for US Presidency UC Berkeley administration, having reneged on agreement by unilaterally appointing members to the faculty-student group, then limiting it to studying the issue but not resolve it, and allows District Attorney to initiate legal action against Jack Weinberg |
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| Nov 9 | Mon:
UC Berkeley study committee's deliberations reaches impasse; students begin
setting up tables again; dean takes the names of 70 students and hundreds
more sign petitions stating they are guilty of the same act (when tables
are manned with teaching assistants, deans stop taking names) |
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| Nov 12 | Thurs:
UC Berkeley: faculty committee gives its recommendations on the cases of
the 8 suspended students: 6 to be immediately reinstated, but Mario Savio
and Art Goldberg be suspended for six weeks starting September 30; administrations
annouces it will take no action on this until December 8. |
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| Nov 20 | Fri:
UC regents meeting near campus, largest rally, speakers, Joan Baez sings,
march, 6 abreast, from Sproul Plaza to large lawn across from University Hall; observers at regents meeting hear Clark Kerr advise ignoring proposals by students and the academic senate, and presented limitations on political content and the right of prior restraint, which was accepted by the regents |
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| Nov 21-29 |
Thanksgiving
Recess - (most UC students leave campus) Chancellor sent letters to Savio & Goldberg initiating new disciplinary action against them |
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| Dec 2 | 1500
at noon rally in front of Sproul Hall; Joan Baez sings on Sproul Hall steps
"before the sit-in begins"; "nearly 1000" sit-in overnight
in Sproul Hall |
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| Dec 3 | 1
am Governor Brown orders police attack of sit-in in UC Berkeley Sproul Hall;
800 (779) arrests; students boycott classes and 4000 protest in front of
Sproul Hall |
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| Dec 4 |
FSM strike
continues at UC Berkeley and noon rally - 9000 students boycott classes |
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| Dec 7 | U.C.
Berk administration presentation at the Greek Theatre to 13,000 / 18,000;
Mario Savio steps up to mike afterward to announce meeting to follow, grabbed
by UC police and dragged backstage; crowd chanted "We want Mario";
Savio released to mikes to say: "Please leave here. Clear this disastrous
scene and get down to discussing the issues." Followed by strike by
9,000 of the 27,000 students |
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| Dec 8 | UC
Berkeley faculty resolution (824 to 115) supporting FSM |
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| Dec 10 | MLK awarded
Nobel Peace Prize |
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| Dec 11 | Singer Sam
Cooke dies of gunshot wounds, Los Angeles |
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| 1964 | when? Berkeley
Barb starts publication when? Indian fishermen fish-ins, Nisqually River, Washington when? US Supreme Court affirms members of Native Amer Church use of peyote in religious ceremonies |
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|
1965 when? |
SDS
has 8,000 members in 1964-65 Adrian Cronauer broadcasting in Vietnam First DC-9 aircraft built Volkswagen starts American sales campaign "Think Small" Peace Corps returnees having trouble with "re-entry" Leary visits in India, returns late spring to find Millbrook in poor state, Alpert asked to leave Washington judge rules Puyallup tribe does not exist, and cannot fish on the Puyallup River New York City black-out University of Santa Cruz opens, with innovative open structure California Land Conservation Act (Williamson Act) passed - to protect farm land |
1965 |
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| Jan | Time
Mag says "generation of conformists" |
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| Jan 4 | FSM
holds first legal rally on Sproul Plaza |
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| Feb | Police
raid Owsley's house in Berkeley MLK & 770 others arrested in Selma, Alabama for picketing county courthouse to end discrimination on voting rights |
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| ?Feb | Byrds
release single of Mr. Tambourine Man |
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| Feb 8 | U.S.
starts bombing North Vietnam & begins using jet bombers inside South
Vietnam for strikes against "VC" targets (`Operation Rolling Thunder') |
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| Feb 21 | Malcolm
X shot and killed, Harlem auditorium |
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| Mar 3 | Owsley
starts making LSD: large quantities of acid available for the first time |
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| Mar 6 | "First
US soldier officially sets foot on Vietnam battlefields" |
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| Mar 7 | Selma,
Alabama: police violence against march [Leonard page 180] |
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| Mar 8 | Supreme
Court rules co s need not believe in existence of a Supreme Being (Daniel
Seeger case) (and June 15 Elliott Welsh II case) |
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| Mar 8-9 | 3,500
Marines land to protect Da Nang air base |
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| Mar 9? | First
attempt to march from Selma to Montgomery (turned back) |
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| Mar | Dylan:
Bringing It All Back Home (all rock) with Mr. Tambourine Man Beatles: Eight Days a Week hit [was this in March?] |
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| Mar 16 | Quaker
Alice Herz, 82, immolates self in Detroit in protest of the Vietnam war Police break-up demonstration of 600 in Montgomery, Alabama |
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| Mar 17 | 1,600
demonstrate at Montgomery, Alabama courthouse |
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| Mar 18 | Soviet cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov makes the
first space walk during the Voskhod II mission |
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| Mar
21-25 |
MLK: Alabama march (Selma to Montgomery capital 25,000) | |||
| Mar 24 | ?SDS
organizes first Vietnam War teach-in: University of Michigan (all night)
500 expected, 3000 come |
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| Mar 28 | MLK
on television calls for boycott of Alabama 28? Dylan to England (tour filmed for movie: "Don't Look Back") [to April, at least] |
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| March | Sen.
Frank Church & George McGovern come out against the war |
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| spring | Beatles John & George spiked with LSD |
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| Apr 2 | Kesey
busted for mj first time |
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| Apr 5 | Alpert
& Metzner at Vanguard Theater, Greenwich Village |
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| Apr 17 | SDS
leads first anti-Vietnam war march in Washington: 25,000 `March on Washington
to End the War in Vietnam' - I.F. Stone & Sen. Ernest Gruening of Alaska
speak, Phil Ochs, Judy Collins, Joan Baez / 20,000 (+ Bread & Puppet
Theater) |
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| April | 25,000
American troops in Vietnam (note: number of marchers almost equal to number
of troops) April 30 Life magazine: first photo series of development of a fetus |
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| Spring | Albin
House concerts [explain xx] |
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| May 3 | Drop
City commune founded, ?in New Mexico? on Interstate Hwy 125 into Colorado |
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| May 6 | First
combat units (two Marine divisions) sent to Vietnam |
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| May |
Beatles: A Ticket to Ride hit UC Berkeley: Vietnam Day &
teach-ins at many other colleges |
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| May 17 | National
Teach-in broadcast over radio from Wash. D.C. |
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| May 26 | Riverside
County salmonella crisis causes new look at water supplies in the US [Future
Water p. 55] |
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| June
(big drought in NY) |
Boomers
born in 1947 turn 18 & graduate high school Red Dog Saloon, Charlatans at Virginia City First psychedlic light shows by Bill Ham Dylan's Like A Rolling Stone single released (and meets The Band) |
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| June 3-7 |
Gemini
4: Edward White takes first US space walk. |
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| June 11 | Queen
awards Beatles the MBE First "Happening": Wholly Communion, with Ginsberg, Ferlinghetti, Corso & English poets, Royal Albert Hall, London |
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| June 12 | Ky
heads new military regime in South Vietnam (Ky bio xxx) |
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| Summer [Israel xx] |
Beatles
touring again (to September) - Shea Stadium sold out Byrds: Mr. Tambourine Man hit June 26 Chet Helms in San Francisco starts bumming around with a bunch of musicians in the basement ballroom of 1090 Page Street: "Part of my illusion was that if I would hang out with musicians it would rub off." The jam sessions, glowing with the film stock avant-garde director Bruce Conner projected onto the walls, began attracting people. Soon over the 300 the space could hold, all with weed and wine, and most underage. Helms tried to discourage by charging 50 cents; that move filled the place to capacity. The jammers who could actually play banded into Big Brother and the Holding Company and Helms became their manager. [SF Bay Guardian Aug 13, 1997] +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ In the summer of 1965, Manzarek runs into Morrison on the sands of Venice beach. Morrison mentions that he has written a couple of songs; he sings them for Ray, and Manzarek is overwhelmed by the potential for their artistic collaboration. “Jim, man, with your words and my keyboards-there’s nobody doing this. What we’re gonna do, nobody on the planet is doing. The music, our music, is called.. psychedelic.” ”In that year we had an intense visitation of energy. That year lasted from the summer of 1965 to July 3, 1971.” http://www.raymanzarek.com/lmf_book.html +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ when? LBJ passing Medicare, Voting Rights, National Foundation on the Arts & Humanities + Sept: Department of Housing and Urban Development Baez/Sandperl Institute for the Study of Nonviolence (Carmel): first students |
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| July |
First Provo manifesto appears
in Amsterdam |
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| July 25 | Bob
Dylan plays new material on electric guitar backed by Paul Butterfield Blues
Band and gets booed at Newport Folk Fest (and wearing London mod) |
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| Aug 6 | LBJ
signs Voting Rights Act, which has enforcement capabilities |
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| Aug | Beatles:
Help! released Dylan: Highway 61 Revisited Eve of Destruction released, goes to top of charts; within 5 weeks (fastest rising song in rock history) ("you're old enough to kill, but not for votin'") Joan Baez's first hit: There But For Fortune Kesey meets Hunter Thompson who introduces the Hells Angels to the Merry Pranksters; Ginsberg & Alpert are at the party |
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| Aug
11-16 |
Watts
uprising, Los Angeles |
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| Aug 13 | Marty
Balin opens Matrix: Jefferson Airplane + Merry Prankster party at La Honda: Owsley meets Kesey |
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| Aug 15 | Aug
15 - Beatles at Shea Stadium, NY: 55,000/60,000 screaming girls kicks off: Beatles second tour of US - Aug 15 -Sept 15 |
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| Aug 26 | Last
day getting married could improve your draft status |
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| Aug 29 Aug 31 | Beatles
Hollywood Bowl, Los Angeles Beatles at the Cow Palace, San Francisco |
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| Aug 31 | LBJ
signs law amending Selective Service Act to make draft card burning a federal
offense |
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| Summer
(Sept 8?) National Farm Workers Association joins Delano grape walkout
by 800 AFL-CIO pickers; within a week, 2000 pickers (led by Cesar Chavez)
strike in two counties (33 growers, one quarter of the table grape industry)
(by 65: 1700 member families) |
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On to The High Sixties: Hippies in the Haight and Vietnam War Protests 1965-1966 |
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