Counterculture Timeline: The Seventies: Punks and Anti-Nuclear as the Economy Declines 1977-1979 |
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| EVENTS | ARTS | |||
| 1977 | Dollar plummets (to 270 yen
at the end of 1977) TransAlaska pipeline completed Transportation Department announces seat belts required by 1984 Carter ?renews draft evader amnesty Carter declares energy conservation the "moral equivalent of war" Urban Development Action Grant: public redevelopment investment must be matched with private investment China: Gang of Four falls July: unemployment in U.K. 1 million (get # for 76) Worst weather extremes of the 20th century: North, East, South cold; West in last worst year of drought Artists migrate to TriBeCa, New York Oldest children who came of age during the changes of the Sixties (born 1957, turned 5 in 1963, turned 10 in 1968) start turning 20 |
1977
MUSIC / CINEMA / PUBLISHING PUNK ROCK - first Big Year *Clash *Talking Heads *Elvis Costello *Patti Smith: first album *Peter Tosh: first solo *Lynyrd Skynyrd killed in plane crash Fake Beatles put together Aug 16 - Elvis Presley dies (42) Saturday Night Fever continues & becomes hit McCartney: Mull of Kintyre (UK only release - not to US) Rocky Horror Show starts at U.C. Theater, Berkeley Annie Hall Close Enctrs of the Third Kind Star Wars (George Lucas first? film) The Turning Point (MacLaine, Bancroft) Julie (Redgrave, Fonda) (Goodbye Girl) Jonah Who Will Be 25 in the Year 2000: Alain Tanner Werner Herzog: Stroszek (when was LA intro??) ?Man of Marble - Andrzej Wajda The Women's Room - Marilyn French Games Mother Never Taught You (Corporate Gamesmanship for Women) - Harragan For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf: Ntozake Shange Amory Lovins: Soft Energy Paths Food First (the book) Rainbook (Resources for Appropriate Technology) Goodbye to the Flush Toilet - Stoner (Rodale) A Pattern Language - Christopher Alexander David Werner: Where There is No Doctor The Moosewood Cookbook - Mollie Katzen ?burn out phenomenon noticed (goat cheese, Brooke Shields) jogging |
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| Jan | Carter austerity, human rights
campaign - explain xx |
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| when? | Carter recommends abandonment
of 18 porkbarrel dam projects |
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| Jan 23-30 |
Roots on television, watched by 36 million | |||
| Jan 27 | Vatican bars women from Catholic
priesthood |
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| Feb 25 | Eighth biggest tanker oil spill,
west of Honolulu 99,000 tons (Hawaiian Patriot); 50 mile long oil slick |
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| Mar | Carter ends travel restrictions
to Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea, Cambodia, and lifts ban on spending US dollars
in Cuba Greens get first media attention in France with 12% win |
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| Mar 11 | United?? Farmworkers & Teamsters
sign agreement, California (after 10 years of discord) |
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| spring | UC Berkeley demonstrations
for divestment from South Africa |
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| Apr 11 | Parents of 5 "Moonies"
denied custody |
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| Apr 18 | Carter presents Energy Plan:
calling for "moral equivalent of war", asks Congress to pass laws
penalizing gas-guzzling cars & granting tax incentives for energy-efficient
homes |
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| Apr 22 | UK: North Sea oil spill |
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| May | US unemployment down to 7% -
lowest in 29 months |
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| May 1 | Paris, France: last of the Fifth
Republic & United left (lost elections one year later; won and then
last four years ?later) |
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| May 1-2 |
1,414 arrested as Clamshell
Alliance occupies construction site of nuclear power plant at Seabrook,
New Hampshire |
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| May 13 | La Pasionaria returns
to Madrid, 34 days after the Communist Party is legalized in Spain |
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| May 13 | 500 demonstrators arrested at
Seabrook demonstration found guilty of trespass |
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| Jun 7 | Dade County, Florida vote repeals
anti-gay ordinance (singer Anita Bryant is active in campaign against repeal) |
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| June 17 | EPA approves Seabrook |
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| June 26 | Marches throughout US in support
of gays 100,000 San Francisco, tens of thousands in New York |
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| July | Record US trade deficit (13th
consecutive monthly deficit) 26% rise in oil imports is said to be major factor |
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| July 13 | 9:34 pm New York City black-out
to July 14 |
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| Aug 10 | Son of Sam captured after 6
murders, 7 wounded |
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| Sept 12 | Stephen Biko dies in prison,
South Africa |
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| Sept 20 | Vietnam finally admitted to
United Nations |
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| Oct | US trade deficit 3.1 bill
(first time over 3 bill in history) |
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| Oct 12 | University of California vs
Bakke - anti-affirmative action (trial starts - filed Sept 19) explain xx |
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| Nov 4 | United Nations votes South African
arms embargo |
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| Nov 5 | Carter vetoes Tennessee Clinch
River Breeder Reactor |
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| Nov 18 | KKK members convicted of 1963
bombing of Birmingham church in which four young black girls were killed |
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| Nov 19 | (Egypt President? Sadat visits
Israel) |
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| Dec 7 | FBI finally releases JFK assassination
files due to requests under Freedom of Information Act |
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| Dec 10 | First 61 of 300
Americans held in Mexican prisons on drug charges released in prisoner exchange |
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| Dec 14 | (Farmers strike announced) | |||
| 1978 | "Dollar crisis"
- dollar devalued 20% in foreign exchange (xx I was in Europe) Engineering recession Koreagate Coors boycott starts after 20-month strike is broken Dennis Banks granted asylum from extradition to South Dakota by Jerry Brown (Half a million letters to Governor Brown urge sanctuary) American Indian Religious Freedom Act: right to use peyote as a religious sacrament in Native American Church meetings by Native Americans when? ERA Washington D.C. march when? 20,000 anti-nuclear at United Nations 1978-1979 Santa Monica rent control campaign (when was Tom Hayden elected?) Sirius Community founded, Amherst, Massachusetts Holocaust on tv Birth Control pill side effects Free Base (cocaine derivative) Test-tube baby Proposition 13 (California) Boat people Faneuil Hall, Boston, a150-year-old wharf building, re-opens refurbished as a marketplace and becomes the model for numerous other similar projects Terry Schoonhoven: "1978-79" east side of a former apartment building on Windward Avenue in Venice. An exact mirror image of the tatty storefronts and walkways of the beach-side enclave, the "St. Charles Painting" froze a moment for eternity, while the world it faithfully reflected slowly changed. [I remember this from much earlier!] |
1978 MUSIC / CINEMA / PUBLISHING Stayin' Alive - BeeGees *second Big Year of Punk *Joni Mitchell: Don Juan's Reckless Daughter ?Warren Zevon second album? Interest in traditional blues rekindled by George Thorogood, Roomful of Blues, & The Fabulous Thunderbirds 1978-80 Coming Home Deer Hunter Blue Collar Grease (the movie) Woody Allen: Annie Hall and Interiors An Unmarried Woman The Buddy Holly Story Dylan's Renaldo and Clara movie Kristofferson all over the media (Animal House) (Superman) Muddling Toward Frugality - Warren Johnson The Unsettling of America - Wendell Berry One Straw Revolution - Masanobu Fukuoka Spiritual Midwifery - Ina May Gaskin The Vegetarian Epicure, Book II - Anna Thomas The Briarpatch Book Reinhabiting a Separate Country: A Bioregional Anthology of North America - Peter Berg (Planet Drum) The Incredible Secret Money Machine - Don Lancaster The Pregnancy After 30 Workbook - Brewer (Rodale) Gyn/Ecology - Mary Daly Linus Pauling: Vitamin C, the Common Cold, and the Flu In Search of Enemies (A CIA Story) - John Stockwell ?Immanuel Velikovsky: Worlds in Collision Douglas Adams' Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy - radio show starts in U.K. "Garry Trudeau" (?syndicates Doonesbury) |
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| Jan | Trade deficit jumps to 26.7
billion (eek! is this right) (could this be 2.67?) - 4x the 1976 deficit due to oil import increase (76-34 bill; 79-44.3 bill) |
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| Feb 11 | AIM Longest Walk starts from
Alcatraz Lois Gibbs brings U.S. to awareness of Love Canal toxicity (near Niagara Falls, New York) (& residents evacuated this year) -- was this Feb 11?? |
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| Mar 5 | China adopts new constitution
stressing economic development over revolutionary ideology |
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| Mar | Japan, Germany try to prop
up the dollar |
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| Mar 16 | Third biggest tanker oil spill
off Portsall, Brittany, France 223,000 tons (Amoco Cadiz); soiled 100+ miles of beaches, huge numbers of urchins, clams, and small crustaeceans died and 20,000 migrating birds |
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| Apr 7 | Carter defers production of
neutron bomb |
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| May 21 | 4,300 rally at Bangor Naval
Base, Wash to protest U.S. Trident |
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| May 27 | 40 meditators attend U.N. Disarmament
Session's Mobilization for Survival (convened May 23) |
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| June | Trade deficit 2.24 bill,
smallest since Sept 77 but 24th consecutive month |
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| June 6 | Proposition 13 passed - California
(xx explain) |
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| summer | [Europe first visit xx] |
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| June 15 | Supreme Court rules TVA may
not complete Tellico Dam (based on the endangered Snail Darter) |
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| June 28 | Supreme Court upholds affirmative
action programs in general, but orders Alan Bakke admitted to UC Davis Medical
College |
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| July 17 | AIM Longest Walk arrives Washington,
D.C. |
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| July 25 | First test tube baby born (U.K.) |
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| Aug 15 | ERA deadline extended by Congress
to June 30, 1982 |
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| Aug 22 | Sandanistas capture of Nicaragua
National Palace starts revolution |
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| Sept | Taz (Die Tageszeitung) starts
publication in Germany |
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| Sept 5-17 |
Carter Camp David Sadat/Begin summit -> Accords (Egypt / Israel) | |||
| Oct 13 | Sid Vicious (former Sex Pistol
bandmember) kills girlfriend, Chelsea Hotel, New York |
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| Oct 15 | Carter Energy Package Congress deregulates airlines |
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| Oct 20 | End of worst week in Stock
Market's history drops 59.08 to 838.01 |
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| Oct 25-30 |
Record dollar lows - Dollar
drops to 178 yen end Oct Meanwhile, gold at record high of 245/ounce |
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| Oct 31 | Stock Market drops to 792.45,
lowest since Apr 13 |
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| Nov 18 | Jim Jones' Peoples Temple mass
suicide, Jonestown, Guyana - 911 |
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| Dec | China: Third plenum of the 11th
Communist Party Central Committee - opens door to outside world and embraced
a process of pragmatic development which came to include private ownership,
stock markets, foreign-managed enterprise |
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| Dec 16 | City of Cleveland defaults |
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| Dec 17 | OPEC raises oil prices 14.5%
(12.70 -> 14.54/barrel) |
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| Dec 31 | Graham's Winterland's last concert (Grateful Dead & Blues Bros.) | |||
| 1979 | U.S. Stagflation
of 1978-1980 continues, dollar continues decline of 1978-1980 12% inflation due to massive energy cost increases Housing prices start to rise Gold price goes to record high of 400/ounce (Steel lay-offs) (Volcker appointed to head Federal Reserve Board) None of US military services meets its recruiting quota Dictators overthrown: Masie of Equatorial Guina, Bokassa of the Central African "Empire" Oil spills in the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico when? Anti-nuclear Washington D.C. march when? Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT II) signed (U.S. Senate never ratifies) ?Dave Foreman founds Earth First! Grameen Bank for micro business loans started in India Over 1000 Shramadama work camps in Sri Lanka KSAN progressive radio staff quits for good 1978-1979: Santa Monica rent control campaign Dollar-a-gallon gas |
1979
?U.S. reaches Zero Population Growth? MUSIC / CINEMA / PUBLISHING Dylan: Slow Train Coming ("Dylan finds Jesus") *Joni Mitchell: Mingus (TV: Mork and Mindy) The China Syndrome (Fonda)(just before Three Mile Isld - Mar 79) Hair (the movie) Apocalypse Now (Coppola) Being There Kramer vs Kramer Woody Allen: Manhattan La Cage Aux Folles Breaking Away Picnic at Hanging Rock The Last Wave Nosferatu (Rocky II) (Star Trek - the movie) (The Electric Horseman) (Redford, Fonda) Tom Wolfe: The Right Stuff James Lovelock Gaia hypothesis published as book The Integral Urban House Book - Farallones Institute Underground Houses - Roy Godel, Escher, Bach The Dancing Wu Li Masters (An Overview of the New Physics) - Gary Zukaw (A Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Douglas Adams) |
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| Jan 7 | Pol Pot
is overthrown in Cambodia --> Cambodian massacres |
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| Jan 16 | Shah of Iran deposed | |||
| Feb 1 | Ayatollah
Khomeini seizes power in Iran ( -> oil shortages) |
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| Feb
5 [Berk xx] |
(Farmers demonstrate,
Wash D.C.) |
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| Mar 24 | Archbishop
Romero, a critic of El Salvador's right and left extremists is assassinated
during a sermon about peace and justice. |
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| Mar 26 | Israel/Egypt
peace treaty signed |
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| Mar 27 | OPEC raises
oil prices 9% to 14.546/barrel (?see Dec 17, 78) taking advantage of the
drop in Iran oil production |
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| Mar 28 | Three Mile
Island Nuclear xxx (near Middletown, Pennsylvania) when? Three Mile Island anti-nuclear march Washington 100,000 |
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| Apr
1-10 |
Teamsters strike | |||
| Apr 4 | (Bhutto killed,
Pakistan) |
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| Apr 11 | Idi Amin of
Uganda is overthrown |
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| Apr 12 | GATT (General
Agreement on Trade and Tariffs) signed (talks started 1973) |
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| Apr 18 | Lee Marvin's
ex-live-in partner wins "Palimony" (based on 1976 Sup Ct ruling) |
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| May 4 | Margaret
Thatcher elected Prime Minister of Britain |
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| May 6 | 65,000+
Wash anti-nuclear march |
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| May 8 | California
starts odd-even license gas distribution |
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| May? | OPEC raises
oil prices again (2 1/2 x) (?ca 8 dollars/barrel to 20 dollars/barrel??) -> dollar/gallon gas (-> inflation (13%) + unemployment 79-80) |
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| June 3 | One of two
biggest oil spills: Mexico oil well blowout, 3.1 billion barrels / 600,000 tons Bay of Campeche, near the Yucatan Peninsula; eventually covered western half of Gulf of Mexico to Texas (finally capped Mar 24, 80) |
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| Jun 7 | Carter approves
development of the MX missile |
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| Jun 20 | New York,
Connecticutt, New Jersey start odd-even license gas distribution |
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| Jun 28 | OPEC announces
oil price rise 24% to 18/barrel |
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| July 5 | ACLU sues
FBI over 1965 murder of civil rights worker Viola Liuzzo by KKK |
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| July 17 | Nicaragua:
last Somoza of 46-year dynasty flees to Miami; Sandanistas take power |
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| July 18 | Gold price
passes 300 dollars/ounce |
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| July 19 | Biggest ever
tanker oil spill off Trinidad and Tobago 300,000 tons (Atlantic Empress, Aegean Captain); luckily slicks dispersed rapidly |
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| Sept 29 | 200,000 anti-nuke
lower Manhattan, New York + ca 11 other demos around US |
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| Oct | 1045 anti-nuclear
protestors arrested in front of New York Stock Exchange |
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| Oct 7 | 2,500
anti-nuke demonstrators attempt to occupy 2 nuclear plants under construction
Seabrook |
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| Oct | Federal Reserve
System decides to allow more fluctuation in interest rates |
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| Oct 15 | El Salvador
President Romero is deposed by a military coup (Feb 81 - US admits to having sent 18 advisors to help the military junta. El Salvador leftists claim 100 US advisors.) |
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| Oct 17 | Mother Teresa
awarded Nobel Peace Prize |
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| Nov 3 | KKK kill 5,
wound 8 anti-Klan demonstrators in march Greensboro, NC |
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| Nov 4 | Iranians
seize US Embassy, Tehran, take 90 hostages (65 Americans) |
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On to The Seventies: Deindustrialization 1979-1981 |
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